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Facts: Geography, Weather and Population of Germany
About 83 Million people live in Germany, of which 75 Million are German citizens. With about 2 Million,
Turkish citizens form the largest foreign population in Germany. Other larger foreign populations are mainly
from the European mainland (Italy, Greece) or from countries of the former Soviet Union
or Poland.
Since the reunification in 1990, Germany's capital and at the same time biggest city
with about 3 Million citizens is Berlin. Germany, very much like the US, has a strong federal
structure and is divided into 16 states (Bundesstaaten). Every state has its own government and
parliament and its own capital. The most famous state is probably Bavaria in the south-east of Germany
with its capital Munich (München). But the most populated German state
is Nordrheinwestfalen (north-rhine-westphalia), whose capital is Düsseldorf.
The three cities of Bremen, Hamburg and Berlin form their own states and are thus sometimes called
city-states (Stadt-Staaten).
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The weather in Germany is quite the same as in other middle-northern European countries like
Holland, Belgium, the UK, Denmark, Austria, northern France, Switzerland, etc...
The summers are usually warm, sometimes hot (up to 30°C/90F) and come with lots of rain.
The winters can be quite cold (-20°C/0F) but it usually doesn't snow very often, except in the
southern parts of Germany and the mountains.
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Geologically, Germany can be divided into a northern part and a southern part. The northern part
is characterized by its flat-lands that were shaped during the last ice-age. The southern part
includes the low mountain ranges and the Alps in the south of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg.
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Lesson 5
